Theoretical astrophysicists say dark matter can make dark atoms

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Dark matter can make dark atoms

Four panels showing temperature and surface density distributions of ADM gas in ADM-1 and ADM-2 (left panels) and baryonic gas in CDM and CDM-NF (right panels). Left of each panel: gas temperature distribution on a CGM scale at z ∼ 1 (350 kpc field of view). They are overlaid with the gas velocity domain, with dark lines denoting higher velocities. Cooling physics and gravity determine the thermal properties of a gas at this scale. Due to the stronger cooling efficiency of an order of magnitude, the ADM gas in ADM-2 differs from the other three cases, showing stronger cooling fluxes at z ∼1 and a delay of internal CGM conversion. Right of each panel: surface density of cold neutral gas in the central halo (30 combined field of view per inch). Both face-to-face and edge views are shown. The neutral gas distributions are sensitive to gas accretion from the CGM, feedback from star formation (relevant to baryonic gas in the CDM, ADM-1 and ADM-2 simulations), as well as the thermal instability of the gas. For the baryons in the CDM, an extended, co-rotating gaseous disk does indeed form at z 1. For ADM-1 and ADM-2, we find compressed ADM gas disks surrounded by flows of cold gas accumulating from the CGM with poor alignment of the angular momentum of the central disk. The baryons in CDM-NF show a more extended gaseous disk than the ADM states at this redshift, likely due to enhanced accretion across the helium peak in Fig. 1. Credit: arXiv (2023). doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2304.09878

A team of theoretical astrophysicists has studied in detail a hypothetical form of dark matter that combines to form dark atoms. They found that the presence of dark atoms can greatly influence the evolution of galaxies.

We do not understand the vast majority of matter in the universe. We call it dark matterBut this is the best we have. As far as we know, dark matter consists of a new type of particle currently unknown to modern physics. Whatever the particle, it does not interact with light and does not interact with normal matter except through gravitational force.

Because we do not understand this mysterious substance, we have a lot of space to play with in our own theoretical models. Some of these models indicate that dark matter is not made from a single type of particle that blankets the universe. Alternatively it can be made up of different types of particles. There could also be new forces of nature, beyond the four we know, that only operate among dark matter particles.

In this picture, different components of dark matter can clump together to form dark atoms, and even more complex molecules and structures. Importantly, in these models dark matter can clump together very tightly. A team of researchers used this fact to explore the consequences of these dark atom models using simulations of dark atom evolution galaxies.






They found that atomic dark matter can coalesce very quickly, forming a “shadow disk” to align with the disk of stars in a typical galaxy. From there the dark atoms continue to clump together, forming the equivalent of dark stars and dark black holes. It can even quickly sink into the galactic core, rapidly increasing the density there.

All of these effects of atomic dark matter would be invisible on cosmic scales. But it will greatly affect the evolution of stars within the galaxy. Stars are formed from the collapse of matter and any of it gravity effect It can influence the course of star formation.

The researchers found differences in star formation rates, star populations, and distribution in a galaxy containing dark atoms versus a galaxy containing only one component of dark matter. The researchers hope that these findings will be useful in further identifying this mysterious substance that dominates our universe.

Research published on arXiv Prepress server.

more information:
Sandeep Roy et al., Simulation of Atomic Dark Matter in Milky Way Isotopes, arXiv (2023). doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2304.09878

Journal information:
arXiv


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the quote: Dark Matter Can Make Dark Atoms, Say Theoretical Astrophysicists (2023, May 12), Retrieved May 12, 2023 from https://phys.org/news/2023-05-dark-atoms-theoretical-astrophysicists .html

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